What is Lip Cancer?

Lip cancer is a type of oral cancer that begins in the skin cells of the lips. It usually affects the lower lip and is most often a squamous cell carcinoma. If diagnosed early, lip cancer is very treatable. However, if left untreated, it can spread and become life-threatening.

Signs and Symptoms of Lip Cancer

  • A sore or lesion on the lip that doesn’t heal
  • A lump or thickened area on the lip
  • Persistent pain, numbness, or tingling
  • Bleeding or crusting on the lip
  • Changes in lip colour or texture

If any of these signs last longer than two weeks, it’s important to see a GP or dentist.

Smoking and Lip Cancer: A Dangerous Link

Smoking is a major risk factor for lip cancer. Tobacco smoke contains harmful chemicals that damage the DNA in lip cells. Over time, this can lead to mutations and cancer. The risk increases significantly when smoking is combined with other factors.

Other Risk Factors Include:

  • Prolonged sun exposure (UV damage to the lips)
  • Fair skin (more sensitive to UV rays)
  • Excessive alcohol use
  • Older age (commonly affects those over 50)
  • HPV infection (linked to various oral cancers)

Can Lip Cancer Be Prevented?

Yes, many cases are preventable. The most effective prevention steps include:

  • Quit smoking – the most powerful way to reduce your risk
  • Protect your lips from the sun – use SPF lip balm and wear a hat
  • Limit alcohol consumption
  • Check your lips regularly for any unusual changes
  • Visit your GP or dentist for regular checks

Treatment Options

If caught early, lip cancer can often be treated successfully. Common treatments include:

  • Surgical removal of the tumour
  • Radiation therapy for larger or non-surgical cases
  • Reconstructive surgery for advanced cases
  • Ongoing follow-up care to monitor for recurrence

When to See a Doctor

If you notice a sore, lump, or discolouration on your lips that doesn’t go away, see your GP or dentist promptly. Early diagnosis offers the best chance of a full recovery.

Conclusion

Lip cancer is serious, but often preventable. Smoking greatly increases your risk, so quitting is crucial. Combine that with sun protection and regular check-ups to keep your lips healthy and safe.

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